2025 (Current Year) Faculty Courses School of Science Department of Physics Graduate major in Physics
Hadron Physics II
- Academic unit or major
- Graduate major in Physics
- Instructor(s)
- Daisuke Jido
- Class Format
- Lecture (Face-to-face)
- Media-enhanced courses
- -
- Day of week/Period
(Classrooms) - 3-4 Tue
- Class
- -
- Course Code
- PHY.F439
- Number of credits
- 100
- Course offered
- 2025
- Offered quarter
- 2Q
- Syllabus updated
- Mar 31, 2025
- Language
- English
Syllabus
Course overview and goals
Hadrons are particles interacting with strong forces and are composed of quarks and gluons. Nevertheless, owing to the color confinement phenomenon, quarks and gluons are confined in the hadrons and are never observed directly. Therefore, the minimum elements that can be observed are hadrons. Most of the visible mass in our universe is due to the hadron mass. In the descriptions of the hadron structure and dynamics, symmetries play important roles. In this lecture, basics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), which is the fundamental theory of the dynamics of quarks and gluons, are explained. The nature of the coupling constant of the strong interaction, that is called as asymptotic freedom, is the outstanding feature of QCD, and the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry is responsible for the mass generation of quarks. Effective models based on chiral symmetry for hadron physics are also introduced. The purpose of the course is to let the students understand hadrons which constitute the present universe, and to understand quarks, gluons, and QCD which is the theory of strong interaction. Another purpose is to let the students know theoretical tools to study hadron physics.
Course description and aims
[Objectives] Students will understand the basics of hadron physics by taking this course. Students will understand the features of strong interaction, the description of hadrons based on quarks, and features of quantum chromodynamics.
[Topics] Strong interaction, symmetries in hadron physics, properties of hadron, color charge, gluons, asymptotic freedom, chiral effective theories, chiral symmetry, current algebra, hadron mass generation, etc.
Keywords
strong interaction, chiral symmetry, baryons, mesons, color charge, gluons, quantum chromodynamics, asymptotic freedom, origin of mass, dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry, chiral effective theories.
Competencies
- Specialist skills
- Intercultural skills
- Communication skills
- Critical thinking skills
- Practical and/or problem-solving skills
Class flow
Lecture notes are distributed in advance. The lectures are given by writing on the blackboard. The lecture notes are open in T2SCHOLA.
Course schedule/Objectives
| Course schedule | Objectives | |
|---|---|---|
| Class 1 | Basics of Quantum Chromodynamics | To be able to understand the meaning of asymptotic freedom. |
| Class 2 | Symmetry and conservation law | Drive the Noether current from a Lagangian. |
| Class 3 | Current algebra and PCAC | Explain what PCAC is. |
| Class 4 | Chiral Symmetry | Explain what chiral symmetry is and how it is described theoretically. |
| Class 5 | Linear sigma model | Demonstrate the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaki ng in a hadron theory |
| Class 6 | Fermion mass generation | Explain the mechanism of quark mass generation. |
| Class 7 | Nambu-Goldstone theorem in QCD | Derive the Gell-Mann Oakes Renner relation. |
Study advice (preparation and review)
To enhance effective learning, students are encouraged to spend approximately 100 minutes preparing for class and another 100 minutes reviewing class content afterwards (including assignments) for each class.
They should do so by referring to textbooks and other course material.
Textbook(s)
Lecture notes will be distributed via T2SCHOLA.
Reference books, course materials, etc.
'Particles and Nuclei', B. Povh et al., Springer,
'Elementary Particle Physics, volume 1 and 2', Y. Nagashima, WILEY-VCH,
'Quarks, Baryons and Chiral Symmetry', A. Hosaka and H. Toki, World Scientific,
'Gauge Field Theories, an introduction with applications', Mike Guidry, WILEY-VCH
'Relativistic Quantum Mechanics and Field Theory', Franz Gross, Wiley-Interscience
Evaluation methods and criteria
Quizzes and problems given during the classes. The quizzes are given in the response sheet distributed in the end of each class. The problems are written in handouts distributed at each class.
Related courses
- PHY.F350 ： Nuclear Physics
- PHY.F440 ： Advance Nuclear Physics I
- PHY.F351 ： Elementary Particles
- PHY.Q331 ： Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
- PHY.Q433 ： Field Theory I
Prerequisites
It is required that the students have enough knowledge on quantum physics.
Other
This lecture is given in English.